Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of the preparation for TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA micelle and the release of TMZ and siRNA inside cancer cells. Abbreviations: Fa, folate; PCL, poly(ε-caprolactone); PEG, poly(ethylene glycol); PEI, poly(ethylenimine); TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques:

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Change of particle size and zeta potential of TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA micelle against N/P ratio. ( B ) TEM images of TMZ-FaPEC micelle (left) and TMZ-FaPEC@ siRNA micelle (N/P=10) (right) at pH 7.4. All samples were stained with 0.5% uranyl acetate for 1 min. Scale bar: 200 nm; magnification ×50,000. ( C ) Electrophoretic mobility of SCR in agarose gel after complexation with FaPEC or PEC at N/P ratio ranging from 1 to 12. ( D ) In vitro TMZ release from TMZ-FaPEC@SCR and TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA micelles at pH 7.4 and pH 5.0. Abbreviations: N/P, nitrogen in branched PEI to phosphorus in siRNA; SCR, scramble siRNA; TEM, transmission electron microscope; TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Zeta Potential Analyzer, Staining, Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, In Vitro, Transmission Assay, Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) CLSM images of C6 cells incubated with Coumarin 6-FaPEC@Cy3-SCR (targeting), Coumarin 6-PEC@Cy3-SCR (nontargeting), and Coumarin 6-FaPEC@ Cy3-SCR plus 1 mg/L Fa (Fa+targeting). Nuclei are blue because of DAPI staining, red fluorescence indicates Cy3 (siRNA), green fluorescence indicates Coumarin 6 (TMZ), and the yellow stains indicate overlapping of red and green fluorescence. ( B ) Quantitative determination of Cy3 and FITC (Coumarin 6) positive cells by flow cytometry. Coumarin 6 loading content: 8%. Scale bars: 10 μm; magnification ×630. Incubation time: 2 h. Dose: 20 nM siRNA. The N/P ratio of all micelles was 10. Abbreviations: CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscopy; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; N/P, nitrogen in branched PEI to phosphorus in siRNA; SCR, scramble siRNA; TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Incubation, Staining, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) In vitro cytotoxicities of TMZ-free PEC@SCR and FaPEC@SCR at various concentrations in C6 cells. Incubation time: 48 h. BCL-2 siRNA concentration: 20 nM. ( B ) In vitro cytotoxicities of TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA, TMZ-PEC@siRNA, TMZ-FaPEC@SCR, and TMZ-PEC@SCR at various concentrations in C6 cells. Incubation time: 48 h. BCL-2 siRNA concentration: 20 nM. Abbreviations: TEM, transmission electron microscope; SCR, scramble siRNA; TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, Incubation, Concentration Assay, Transmission Assay, Microscopy

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantitative analysis of apoptotic C6 cells using Annexin V-FITC and PI flow cytometry assay at 48 h after different treatments. Notes: BCL-2 siRNA concentration: 20 nM. TMZ dose: 120 μg. Q1: normal viable cells; Q2: early-stage apoptotic cells; Q3: late-stage apoptotic cells; Q4: necrotic cells. ( A ) Control, ( B ) TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA, ( C ) TMZ-PEC@siRNA, ( D ) TMZ-FaPEC@SCR, ( E ) FaPEC@siRNA, and ( F ) free TMZ. Abbreviations: FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; PI, propidium iodide; SCR, scramble siRNA; TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Concentration Assay, Control

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Expressions of BCL-2 at mRNA level determined by RT-PCR in C6 cells receiving different treatments. * P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA; # P < 0.05 vs TMZ-PEC@siRNA; Δ P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@SCR. ( B ) Expressions of Bax at mRNA levels determined by RT-PCR in C6 cells receiving different treatments. * P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA; # P < 0.05 vs TMZ-PEC@siRNA; Δ P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@SCR. ( C ) Western blotting analysis for protein expression levels of BCL-2 and Bax in C6 cells receiving different treatments. ( D ) Statistical analysis of BCL-2/Bax protein ratios in image C showing Western blotting. * P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA; # P < 0.05 vs TMZ-PEC@siRNA; Δ P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@SCR. Abbreviations: SCR, scramble siRNA; TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Visualization of tumor growth inhibition (tumor indicated with red arrow) in rat bearing C6 glioma after injections of various formulations. ( B ) Determination of mean tumor volume, using magnetic resonance imaging at the time point 25 days after the first injection. * P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA; # P < 0.05 vs TMZ-PEC@siRNA; Δ P < 0.05 vs TMZ-FaPEC@SCR. ( C ) Cumulative survival of rats bearing C6 glioma in brain after receiving injection of different formulations (n=8). Doses per injection: 120 μg TMZ/kg body weight and 1.6 μg siRNA/kg body weight. Abbreviations: SCR, scramble siRNA; TMZ, temozolomide.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Inhibition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Injection

Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine

Article Title: Codelivery of temozolomide and siRNA with polymeric nanocarrier for effective glioma treatment

doi: 10.2147/IJN.S164611

Figure Lengend Snippet: Ex vivo immunohistochemical and TUNEL analyses of C6 glioma sections from rats receiving different formulations (25 days after the first treatment). Notes: In the immunohistochemical assay, the brown and blue stains indicated BCL-2 or Bax protein and nuclei, respectively. In TUNEL analysis, brown and green stains indicated apoptotic and normal cells, respectively. Magnified images of the black and red rectangular areas in control and TMZ-FaPEC@siRNA groups are shown on the right side. Scale bars: 50 μm; magnification ×200. Abbreviations: H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; TMZ, temozolomide; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling.

Article Snippet: The scramble siRNA (SCR) and two anti-BCL-2 siRNA duplexes with sequences GGAUGACUGAGUACCUGAATT (dTdT) as passenger strand, UUCAGGUACUCAGUCAUCCTT (dTdT) as guide strand were from Genpharm (Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Ex Vivo, Immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL Assay, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: CircFN1 modulates IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis through the miR-19b-3p/PTEN signaling axis

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45897-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Verification of the role of circFN1 in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes in vitro. A qPCR: Efficiency of circFN1 knockdown by different siRNAs; B CCK-8: Cell viability after circFN1 knockdown; C ELISA: Changes in inflammatory cytokines after circFN1 knockdown; D Flow cytometry: Alterations in cell status after circFN1 silencing; E EdU staining: Alterations in cell status after circFN1 silencing; F Western blotting: Changes in osteoarthritis-related proteins after circFN1 silencing. * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-circFN1; ## P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-circFN1.

Article Snippet: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting circFN1 and scrambled negative controls (si-NC) were purchased from GeneChem (Shanghai, China). miR-19b-3p mimics, inhibitors, and corresponding negative controls (NC mimic and NC inhibitor) were obtained from GenePharma (Suzhou, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, Knockdown, CCK-8 Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Staining, Western Blot

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: CircFN1 modulates IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis through the miR-19b-3p/PTEN signaling axis

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45897-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A. Predicted miR-19b-3p binding sites and designated mutation sites in WT-circFN1 and MUT-circFN1. B . Dual-luciferase reporter assay showing the relative luciferase activity of WT-circFN1 and MUT-circFN1 vectors in chondrocytes transfected with miR-NC or miR-19a/b-3p, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01. C . Differential PTEN expression between normal and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, as well as changes in PTEN expression after miR-19b-3p knockdown. D . Expression of osteoarthritis-related proteins and PTEN following sequential knockdown of circFN1 and miR-19b-3p, * P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC༛# P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-circFN1 + si-miR19b-3p; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-circFN1 + si-miR19b-3p. The role of the circFN1–miR-19b-3p/PTEN axis in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes: E . CCK-8, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC; F . ELISA, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC; G . Western blotting, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC.

Article Snippet: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting circFN1 and scrambled negative controls (si-NC) were purchased from GeneChem (Shanghai, China). miR-19b-3p mimics, inhibitors, and corresponding negative controls (NC mimic and NC inhibitor) were obtained from GenePharma (Suzhou, China).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Mutagenesis, Luciferase, Reporter Assay, Activity Assay, Transfection, Expressing, Knockdown, CCK-8 Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: CircFN1 modulates IL-1β-induced osteoarthritis through the miR-19b-3p/PTEN signaling axis

doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-45897-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: The role of miR-19b-3p in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. A . qPCR: Differential expression between normal chondrocytes and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes, * P < 0.05 compared with the CHON-001 group; ** P < 0.01 compared with the CHON-001 group; B . CCK-8: Changes in cell viability after miR-19b-3p knockdown, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC; C . ELISA: Changes in inflammatory cytokines after miR-19b-3p knockdown, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC; D . Flow cytometry: Alterations in cell viability after miR-19b-3p knockdown, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC; E . Western blotting: Changes in osteoarthritis-related proteins after miR-19b-3p knockdown, * P < 0.05 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; ** P < 0.01 vs. chondrocytes + si-NC; # P < 0.05 vs. OA + si-NC; ## P < 0.01 vs. OA + si-NC.

Article Snippet: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting circFN1 and scrambled negative controls (si-NC) were purchased from GeneChem (Shanghai, China). miR-19b-3p mimics, inhibitors, and corresponding negative controls (NC mimic and NC inhibitor) were obtained from GenePharma (Suzhou, China).

Techniques: Quantitative Proteomics, CCK-8 Assay, Knockdown, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot